Academy of Learning (Polish: Akademia Umiejętności; AU) was a primary Polish scientific institution during the annexation of Poland founded in 1871 in Kraków and formed as a continuation of the Kraków Scientific Society (Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie). The institiution began activity two years later, in 1873. Initially, it focused on scholars from Kraków, but quickly expanded its activity to Polish scholars from all annexed territories and also Polish emigration. Its chief purposes were to organize, support and conduct learning and to represent Polish scientists and scholars to the world.
After Poland's independence was restored, AU changed its statute and in 1919 began activity as the Polish Academy of Learning (Polska Akademia Umiejętności; PAU).